Shugoshin and PP2A: Collaborating to Keep Chromosomes Connected
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Shugoshin-1 Balances Aurora B Kinase Activity via PP2A to Promote Chromosome Bi-orientation
Correction of faulty kinetochore-microtubule attachments is essential for faithful chromosome segregation and dictated by the opposing activities of Aurora B kinase and PP1 and PP2A phosphatases. How kinase and phosphatase activities are appropriately balanced is less clear. Here, we show that a centromeric pool of PP2A-B56 counteracts Aurora B T-loop phosphorylation and is recruited to centrom...
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To protect against aneuploidy, chromosomes must attach to microtubules from opposite poles ('biorientation') prior to their segregation during mitosis. Biorientation relies on the correction of erroneous attachments by the aurora B kinase, which destabilizes kinetochore-microtubule attachments that lack tension. Incorrect attachments are also avoided because sister kinetochores are intrinsicall...
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Chromosome segregation is triggered by separase, an enzyme that cleaves cohesin, the protein complex that holds sister chromatids together. Separase activation requires the destruction of its inhibitor, securin, which occurs only upon the correct attachment of chromosomes to the spindle. However, other mechanisms restrict separase activity to the appropriate window in the cell cycle because coh...
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W urzenberger et al. identify two phosphatase-targeting proteins that help chromosomes to segregate properly during anaphase. In early mitosis, the kinase Aurora B localizes to centromeres, where it eliminates incorrect attachments to the mitotic spindle by phosphorylating microtubule-binding kinetochore proteins like Dsn1. When sister chroma-tids are attached to opposite spindle poles, tension...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Developmental Cell
سال: 2009
ISSN: 1534-5807
DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2009.08.016